PR102

Sienna (from Italian terra di Siena 'Siena's earth') is an earth pigment containing iron oxide and manganese oxide. In its natural state it is yellowish-brown and is called raw sienna. When heated, it becomes reddish-brown and is called burnt sienna. It takes its name from the city-state of Siena, where it was produced during the Renaissance. Along with ochre and umber, it was one of the first pigments used by humans, and it is found in many cave paintings. Since the Renaissance, it has been one of the brown pigments most widely used by artists.

The first recorded use of sienna as a color name in English was in 1760.